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Ozone / Hydroxyl Generators - How They Work

What is Ozone (O3)?

Ozone is the world's second most powerful oxidant. It is a triatomic molecule consisting of three oxygen atoms rather than the two found in the air we breathe. This third atom is highly reactive; it quickly detaches to "oxidize" or break down harmful compounds, bacteria, and viruses at the molecular level.

Because ozone is a gas, it saturates hard-to-reach spaces and leaves no chemical residue, making it the gold standard for mold remediation and smoke odor removal. However, because high concentrations can affect respiratory tissues in humans, pets, and plants, ozone treatments must be performed in unoccupied areas only. Ozone naturally decays back into breathable oxygen (O2) within a few hours.

Ultraviolet (UV) vs. Corona Discharge Ozone Generators

1. Ultraviolet (UV) Light Generation

UV ozone generators mimic the stratosphere's natural process. They utilize low-pressure UV lamps that peak at two wavelengths: 185-nm (which produces ozone through photolysis) and 254-nm (which can actually break ozone back down).

While UV generators produce less net ozone per watt than corona discharge, they offer a critical advantage: consistency in high humidity. BoiE's UV ozone generators are engineered to maintain output in hot, wet, or harsh environmental conditions where other machines fail.

2. Corona Discharge Technology

In nature, corona discharge occurs during lightning strikes. In a BoiE machine, we replicate this using high-voltage electrodes and a dielectric plate or quartz tube. This is the most efficient method for producing large volumes of ozone from cool, dry air.

Our portable corona discharge models utilize high-frequency transformers (generating 18,000 discharges per second) to saturate large areas quickly. For maximum efficacy, these units are best used in climate-controlled environments with low humidity.

What is a Hydroxyl Generator?

Hydroxyl radicals (*OH) are often called the "detergents" of the atmosphere. They are neutral molecules with an unpaired electron that actively "disassembles" pollutants. While natural hydroxyls last less than a second, BoiE commercial hydroxyl generators continuously recreate this reaction indoors.

The primary benefit of hydroxyl technology is occupant safety. Unlike ozone, hydroxyls are non-toxic to humans and do not damage sensitive materials like natural rubber, leather, or specialized adhesives.

Types of Hydroxyl Machines: PCO vs. AOP

Photocatalytic Oxidation (PCO): The safest method for occupied spaces. Hydroxyls form on a UV-activated catalyst surface. It requires no fresh air ventilation and is safe for 24/7 use around people.
Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP): A more aggressive method that generates hydroxyls through chemical reactions in the air (often using a combination of UV and low-level ozone/peroxide). AOP is ideal for heavy restoration work but requires closer monitoring of occupant safety.

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Consumer Ozone Generators | Commercial Ozone Generators

Consumer Hydroxyl Generators | Commercial Hydroxyl Generators

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